Annie Heloise Abel (February 18, 1873 – March 14, 1947)[1] was a history professor.[2] After her marriage she was also known as Annie Heloise Abel-Henderson.Annie Heloise Abel was one of the first thirty women in the United States to earn a PhD in history.[3] One of the ablest historians of her day, she was an acknowledged expert on the history of British and American policy toward natives. As another historian has put it: "She was the first academically trained historian in the United States to consider the development of Indian-white relations and, although her focus was narrowly political and her methodology almost entirely archival-based, in this she was a pioneer."[3] Historians consider her most important work to be the three-volume The Slave Holding Indians.[4] She studied British policy toward natives throughout the British Empire, not just in the new world. Less