Two Old French Satires on the Power of the Keys
                        
                     
                                            
                                     
                
                    Two Old French Satires on the Power of the Keys
                                            
                                        
                                                                                                "The thirteenth-century French comic dits of Les Escommeniemanz au lecheor and Le Pardon de foutre are two of the earliest vernacular texts to articulate anticlerical satire against the abuse of excommunications and indulgences. In Les Escomm
                                                "The thirteenth-century French comic dits of Les Escommeniemanz au lecheor and Le Pardon de foutre are two of the earliest vernacular texts to articulate anticlerical satire against the abuse of excommunications and indulgences. In Les Escomm
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